Non-Fungible Assets
(NFAs)
The Importance of Regulatory Clarity for Blockchain Businesses
Regulatory clarity is essential for every successful blockchain business model. Given the increased scrutiny surrounding tokenization, regulators have developed frameworks that categorize tokens based on their similarities to financial products and currencies.
The Regulatory Implications of Token Categories
Security Tokens
- Characteristics: Security tokens closely resemble financial products.
- Regulations: They require stringent KYC/AML procedures.
- Challenges: Security tokens are difficult to sell and typically cannot be listed on token exchanges. Their value is easily defined and calculated. As a result, they lack the price volatility and liquidity of other tokens.
Utility Tokens
- Characteristics: Utility tokens have highly specific utility values that typically grant access to a single digital service that is not accessible with cash.
- Regulations: They can be listed on exchanges and obtained without extensive KYC/AML procedures.
- Value and Pricing: The value and price of utility tokens cannot be quantified easily and may be subject to VAT in some jurisdictions.
Payment Tokens
- Characteristics: Payment tokens function as a form of currency for a variety of digital and non-digital services.
- Regulations: They are often regulated like e-money, making them similarly challenging to list on exchanges.
The Complexity of Multi-Purpose Tokens
CoreLedger’s Innovative Solution: NFAs
CoreLedger addresses the unmet needs of these unique and multi-purpose tokens through its invention of NFAs. In many cases, tokenization is used to digitize former paper-based processes as part of the broader movement toward digital transformation.
While not intended to create novel financial products, the use of state-of-the-art technology for tokenization often pushes these tokens into the “securities” category.
Advantages of CoreLedger’s NFA and TEOS
Versatility and Compliance
TEOS offers a versatile solution that combines documentation, personalized accounting, and governance. This enables the creation of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) that digitize traditional processes without resulting in a securities classification.
Personalized Storage Certificates
NFAs can be used as personalized storage certificates that are not freely transacted between random parties. Transactions only occur between the issuer and a known, identified entity, or between the issuer and two identified entities. An example of this is purchasing gold and storing it in a vault or transferring registered shares.
Regulatory Alignment
TEOS ensures compliance with regulatory requirements by implementing a well-known and commonly used process using novel digital tools. This approach allows businesses to leverage blockchain technology without falling into the securities classification.